Prevalência de cistos iridociliares em exames de biomicroscopia ultra-sônica / Iridociliary cysts on ultrasound biomicroscopic examinations

OBJETIVO: Relatar a prevalência de cistos iridociliares em olhos de pacientes submetidos à biomicroscopia ultra-sônica (UBM). MÉTODOS: Analisaram-se retrospectivamente as imagens de UBM de 1.557 pacientes examinados de setembro de 1995 a junho de 2004. O critério de inclusão foi a UBM ter sido realizada nos quatro quadrantes (superior, inferior, nasal e temporal) do globo ocular. Avaliaram-se e classificaram-se os cistos quanto: a) ao número em cada quadrante; b) ao quadrante de localização; c) à morfologia, medindo o maior diâmetro (vertical ou horizontal), a maior espessura da parede e a área da lesão cística; d) à área de recesso angular (ARA) para cada um dos quadrantes em que havia cisto; e) à hipótese diagnóstica e/ou indicação da UBM. Utilizou-se o "software" UBM Pro 2000 para medir o diâmetro, a espessura da parede, a área do cisto e a ARA. RESULTADOS: Foram encontrados 103 cistos em 56 pacientes correspondendo à prevalência de 4,9 por cento numa amostra de 1.132 pacientes selecionados. Dos 1.132 pacientes, 650 (57,4 por cento) eram do sexo feminino e 482 (42,6 por cento) eram do sexo masculino. Dos 56 pacientes com cisto, 37 (66,1 por cento) eram do sexo feminino e 19 (33,9 por cento) eram do sexo masculino. Dos 1.480 olhos examinados, 774 (52,3 por cento) eram olhos direitos e 706 (47,7 por cento) eram olhos esquerdos. Foram encontrados cistos em 38 (64,4 por cento) olhos direitos e 21 (35,6 por cento) olhos esquerdos. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os sexos nem entre os olhos direito e esquerdo. Os cistos com maior média de diâmetro e área estavam localizados nos quadrantes temporal e superior, onde foram encontrados os menores valores de grau de abertura do seio camerular. CONCLUSÕES: Os cistos iridociliares são mais prevalentes nos quadrantes inferior e temporal. Os cistos de maior diâmetro e área situam-se nos quadrantes temporal e superior onde encontram-se menores valores médios de grau de abertura do seio camerular.A espessura da parede dos cistos é praticamente a mesma nos quatro quadrantes. Em 64,3% dos pacientes, a presença de cistos foi um achado ocasional do exame de UBM.

PURPOSE: To present the prevalence of iridociliary cysts in eyes of patients submitted to UBM examination. METHODS: We analyzed retrospectively the UBM images of 1157 patients in the period from September 1995 to June 2004. The inclusion criterion was the UBM examination had been made on the four quadrants (superior, inferior, nasal and temporal) of the eyes. The cysts were assessed and classified in relation to their number in each quadrant; localization and morphology. Using the UBM Pro 2000 software we took the measurements of the largest diameter, wall thickness and area of the cysts besides the angle recession area (ARA). RESULTS: The prevalence of the cysts was 4.9 percent. No statistical difference was found between the prevalence of cysts regarding gender or between the right and left eyes. They were more prevalent in the inferior (39.8 percent) and temporal (29.1 percent) quadrants. The cysts with the largest diameter and area were located in the temporal and superior quadrants. No difference was found in relation to cysts' wall thickness in all quadrants. CONCLUSIONS: No statistical difference was found between the prevalence of cysts as concerns gender or between the right and left eyes. However, the cysts were more prevalent in the inferior and temporal quadrants. The locations of the largest cysts are preferentially the temporal and superior quadrants. The angle recession area was smaller in the temporal and superior quadrants. The cysts' wall thickness is practically the same in all quadrants. The diagnosis of iridociliary cysts was an occasional finding in 64.3 percent of the patients.

A study of ocular complications in leprosy.

A total of 380 leprosy patients were studied in four different leprosy hospitals. The involvement of eye was found in 18.95% of cases in which 10.97% in lepromatous leprosy and 8.16% in non-lepromatous leprosy cases. In total cases studied 52.63% were of lepromatous leprosy and 47.37% of non lepromatous leprosy cases. Among them 11.05% were males and 18.95% were females. In 72 cases of ocular involvement, males constituted 80.56% and females 19.44% of cases. Maximum cases (52.78%) of ocular involvement were in leprosy patient with 5 to 10 years of duration. Blindness among the total leprosy patients studied was 1.84% which was mainly due to corneal opacity following exposure keratitis and ulceration, iridocyclitis and its complications.